In
literal meaning it self, according to Cambridge dictionary corruption means
illegal, bad or dishonest behaviour, especially by people in positions of
power. From that definition we can take a conclusion that someone who does not
has a power can not do the corruption.
Corruption
is an action which has done by human since long time ago. According to Alatas
(1983) The Phenomenon of corruption is not something new, probably has been
there since the beginning of human history except during a very primitive. Historian
tried to research corruption phenomenon already presented since Indonesian
kingdom era. In that era, position was sold into groups which capable to pay
and government would give them a right for took tax without control.
Beside that, certainly we as an
Indonesian people still remember about orde baru era when Soekarno
became a president. As we know so many corruption happened. In that era, not
only corruption but collusion already happened. In orde baru era,
corruption was dominated by cendana family (Soeharto family) and
military as a background academic of Soeharto.
There
are so many assessments appeared in that era, about misappropriation of funds,
several policies which gave benefit to cendana family and military and so on.
We can take mobnas project which took by Soeharto’s son. Definitely that
policy enrich Soeharto’s family. The corruption just can tracked after Soeharto
not to be president anymore. But before he get punishment, he died.
Nowadays, after Soeharto era or
which we know as reformation era corruption still occur and become more serious
than before. Indonesian Corruption Watch (ICW) as a community agencies non profit
in Indonesian which research about corruption in Indonesian said that In this
era corruption more difficult to eradicated. Corruption does not occur in one
group only like Soeharto era but almost whole people who has power. From village
chief until senator they do corruption. Village
chief usually only do the extortion but senator as deputy of citizen do budget
corruption. And the condition getting worse because the corruption organized
very well.
From
that little history, we get a question, what corruption is a culture. According
to Koentjaraningrat (1985) culture is a whole ideas, actions, the results work
of humans within the frameworks community life which is used as belongs the
human self by learning. Same as that statement which I think already correct,
in my opinion culture is something which was created by human, and preserved
from generation to generation.
Thus
we can get the result after we explain about history of corruption in our
country and accord to definition of corruption by Koentjaraningrat, corruption
is a culture.
Why
that corruption so difficult to eradicate since long time ago. Because
corruption has relate with power. People who has power can do everything they
want, and we can not forget they have
many relation who can ‘help’ them when court judge them.
We will explain more why
eradication of corruption is so hard. We take several example within handling
Soeharto case. Law enforcement have obstacle within reveal Soeharto case
because so many people ‘play’ to covered that case such as which reported by
Tempo, attorney general said that there was no Soeharto’s wealth
in overseas whereas The Independent, London newspaper published news
about cendana family which sold property in London with price 11 million
poundsterling or same as 165 billion rupiah. We can see ‘trick played’ in that
case clearly. Not only that the policies which have created in Soeharto era
also legalize what has been done.
In
another case, the popular case in our country about corruption atlit home which
has done by Nazarudin. In the first time, law enforcement very difficult
catched him because he went to overseas and became fugitive until finally KPK
(anti corruption commission) catched him in Columbia, although he was catched
the case still complicate because so many people enter to this case such as
Angelina Sondakh as senat, Anas Urbaningrum as chairman of Demokrat
party, Andi Malarangeng as minister of youth and sport, and so on. All of them
oppose have been involved.
Nowadays,
the most popular case is about police as law enforcement who get involved in
corruption case. I think our memory still fresh to reminds about corruption
procurement simulator driving license. We already still remember about Djoko
Susilo who has many wealth and many wife for doing money laundry. If law
enforcement also doing corruption culture how about another instance we can not
guaranty anymore.
Not
only that, sometimes if someone already proven to be a corruptor, the
punishment is too low only two years, three years and sometimes get pardon from
government and which reduce punishment period.
Definitely
country get impact from corruption which already become culture it self. The
country can not use the budget effectively and efficiently for built
infrastructure, education, and mentality the society. Such as, budged which
should be used for built the bridge, built the borderline, improve the quality
of teachers, scholarship for students can not channeled by government.
How
many people who poor cause of corruption, they can not go to school because
there is no school in their area, if they do not get education they can not
improve their economic family. How many children must against streamside and
that it give impact to their education after they come to school their body
already tired and they can not concentrate within follow the subjects.
Not
only that corruption culture also make our society do not trust government
anymore. We can see it in elections, every year percentage of people who
abstain is increasing. In 2009 when presidential election was held, data from
KPU (electoralcommision) 40% from Indonesian society was abstain and the big
reason why most of them choosed for abstain because they thought there was no
significant change after the election done.
That
is danger for our country, if every people in this country think they do not
want to follow the election anymore, so who is going to lead this country. It
can cause vacuum power and another country will take our country.
Our
country which already infected by corruption culture need solution how to solve
this problem. I think we need hard punishment to corruptor like China does. The
corruptor will get capital punishment
Not only that we need strong law, if we determine give hard punishment
but we do not have a strong law, the corrupter will free again. Beside that we
need system which can used by society to monitor what government do. From
education, we need implant honest culture since child education that they as a
leader in the future will not do corruption anymore.
From
that explanation I get several conclusion from two example corruption in orde
baru era and reformation era, people who doing the corruption usually come
from ruling party. Many people who doing the corruption certainly have a power
and have a job in politic area, thus people who dabbling in politic have
possibility more than people who do not dabbling in politic area.
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